How does the antibiotic nalidixic acid work?

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Nalidixic acid concentrates in the renal tubules and bladder and exerts its local antibacterial actions by interference of DNA gyrase activity, thereby inhibiting DNA synthesis during bacterial replication in a dose-dependent manner.

What is the mode of action of nalidixic acid?

Nalidixic and oxolinic acids inhibit DNA gyrase activity and induce formation of a relaxation complex analogue. Treatment of the complex with sodium dodecyl sulfate causes a doublestrand break in the DNA substrate and the resulting linear molecule seems covalently bound to protein.

What is nalidixic acid target?

Nalidixic acid and related antibiotics inhibit a subunit of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV and induce formation of cleavage complexes. It also inhibits the nicking-closing activity on the subunit of DNA gyrase that releases the positive binding stress on the supercoiled DNA.

Is nalidixic acid a broad spectrum antibiotic?

Nalidixic acid is a narrow-spectrum agent against enteric bacteria used for treating uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs).

Is nalidixic acid bacteriostatic or bactericidal?

Nalidixic acid was found to be most bactericidal against various species of gram-negative bacteria at 50 to 200 mug/ml.

What is broad-spectrum antibiotics?

A broad-spectrum antibiotic is an antibiotic that acts on the two major bacterial groups, Gram-positive and Gram-negative, or any antibiotic that acts against a wide range of disease-causing bacteria.

Is E coli resistance to nalidixic acid?

Stable resistance to nalidixic acid was readily induced in cultures of E. coli. Such resistance emerged by a step-wise process and cultures could easily be converted to resistance to at least 64 µg nalidixic acid per millilitre by sequential transfer.

Which antibiotics are narrow spectrum?

Narrow spectrum antibiotics are used for the specific infection when the causative organism is known….Drug names:

Azithromycin.
Clarithromycin.
Erythromycin.
Clindamycin.

What are broad spectrum and narrow-spectrum antibiotics?

Narrow-spectrum antibiotics target a few types of bacteria. Broad-spectrum antibiotics target many types of bacteria. Both types work well to treat infections. But using broad-spectrum antibiotics when they’re not needed can create antibiotic-resistant bacteria that are hard to treat.

Is Pseudomonas resistant to nalidixic acid?

Among Gram-negative bacteria resistant to nalidixic acid, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella, Enterobacter and Pseudomonas species were more common.

Is E coli resistant to nal?

Nal-resistant E. coli was recovered from 62 (41%), and Nal-susceptible E. coli was recovered from 143 (95%), of the 150 E. coli-positive samples, i.e., from 37% and 85%, respectively, of all 169 samples.