What is a fiberoptic catheter?
Fiberoptic Intracranial Pressure Monitors The transducer is incorporated into the end of a tube and can be used alone or in combination with a ventriculostomy. Fiberoptic systems operate by projecting light through an optic fiber to a miniature, displaceable mirror in the catheter tip.
What methods are available for monitoring ICP?
Intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring is a staple of neurocritical care. The most commonly used current methods of monitoring in the acute setting include fluid-based systems, implantable transducers and Doppler ultrasonography. It is well established that management of elevated ICP is critical for clinical outcomes.
What is the normal value of ICP?
For the purpose of this article, normal adult ICP is defined as 5 to 15 mm Hg (7.5–20 cm H2O). ICP values of 20 to 30 mm Hg represent mild intracranial hypertension; however, when a temporal mass lesion is present, herniation can occur with ICP values less than 20 mm Hg [5].
Does EVD monitor ICP?
External ventricular drainage (EVD) is a standard approach for both monitoring intracranial pressure (ICP) and draining cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).
What is a Ventriculostomy catheter?
Ventriculostomy is also called ventricular catherization with an intraventricular catheter (IVC) or external ventricular drainage (EVD). It is a surgical procedure that involves the placement of a catheter connecting the ventricles of the brain to an external collecting device.
When do you remove ICP monitor?
The ICP monitoring devices get removed once the ICP is normalized with sustained or improved clinical neurology (motor score at least 5) for at least 48 to 72 hours without the use of any interventions.
How does mannitol reduce ICP?
Mannitol exerts its ICP-lowering effects via two mechanisms—an immediate effect because of plasma expansion and a slightly delayed effect related to its osmotic action. The early plasma expansion reduces blood viscosity and this in turn improves regional cerebral microvascular flow and oxygenation.
Where can you zero EVD?
The zero reference point for an EVD is level with the Intraventricular Foramen (Foramen of Munro), located at the beginning of the third ventricle.
What is the difference between EVD and ventriculostomy?
An external ventricular drain (EVD), also known as a ventriculostomy or extraventricular drain, is a device used in neurosurgery to treat hydrocephalus and relieve elevated intracranial pressure when the normal flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inside the brain is obstructed.
What are the advantages of using a fiberoptic catheter?
Fiberoptic devices can be inserted into the lateral ventricle, the brain parenchyma, or the subdural space. The greatest advantage of fiberoptic catheters is that they do not require fluid coupling for pressure transduction, which avoids the problems of waveform dampening and artifacts from poor coupling.
Do fiberoptic catheters predict microtransducer values for maximum urethral pressure?
The fiberoptic catheter predicted microtransducer values for maximum urethral closure pressure only within a range of 27 cmH (2)O. Mean “leak point pressure” recorded by the fiberoptic catheters (66.9 cmH (2)O +/- 2.9) was not significantly different than that recorded by the microtransducer catheters (66.4 cmH (2)O +/- 2.9, P =.97).
Can fiber optic catheter be used to measure mixed venous oxygen?
Fiberoptic Catheter Fiber optic catheters can be used in vivo to measure mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) inside the pulmonary artery, which represents the blood outflow from all tissue beds. From: Introduction to Biomedical Engineering (Third Edition), 2012
What is a fiber optic SvO2 catheter?
The fiber optic SvO 2 catheter consists of two separate optical fibers; one fiber is used for transmitting incident light to the flowing blood, and the other directs the backscattered light to a photodetector.