What does PTH related protein do?
It acts to relax smooth muscle, thereby serving, among other things, as a vasodilating hormone. Transgenic mice that express PTHrP in vascular smooth muscle manifest hypotension. PTHrP may also have effects on contraction of muscle in the bladder, uterus and heart. Other Effects: PTHrP is highly expressed in skin.
What is a PTH related protein test?
The parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTH-RP) test measures the level of a hormone in the blood, called parathyroid hormone-related protein.
What amino acid is PTH derived?
Pre-pro-PTH is converted to pro-PTH and pro-PTH to PTH. PTH (consisting of amino acids 1-84) is the major secretory product of the gland, but it is rapidly cleaved in the liver and kidney into smaller COOH-terminal, mid-region, and NH2-terminal fragments.
What is a normal level of PTHrP?
Normal range . ALL . PTHrP <2.5 pmol/L .
What does a low PTHrP mean?
Hypoparathyroidism is a rare disorder in which the parathyroid glands in the neck secrete low levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH). Hypoparathyroidism results in abnormally low levels of calcium in the blood, adversely affecting many physiologic processes.
Is somatostatin a protein?
Somatostatin peptides are a phylogenetically ancient multigene family of small regulatory proteins produced by neurons and endocrine cells in the brain, gastrointestinal system, immune and neuroendocrine cells.
What is calcitonin and parathyroid hormone?
Calcitonin is a hormone that your thyroid gland makes and releases to help regulate calcium levels in your blood by decreasing it. Calcitonin opposes the actions of the parathyroid hormone, which is a hormone that increases your blood calcium levels.
What is a high PTHrP level?
Thus, patients with elevated PTHrP tend to have severe hypercalcemia, often greater than 12 mg/dL. Patients with PTHrP-mediated hypercalcemia also typically have suppressed PTH levels, and the patient above is no exception.
How long does a PTHrP test take?
The PTH-rP is used to aid in the evaluation of unexplained hypercalcemia, particularly in suspected hypercalcemia of malignancy. Preparation: No special preparation required. Test Results: 6-8 days. May take longer based on weather, holiday or lab delays.
What is normal range for PTHrP?
The normal range for a parathyroid hormone (PTH) blood test is 14 to 65 pg/mL.
How many amino acids are in PTHrP?
PTHrP is a 141-amino-acid protein; a comparison of the structures of PTH and PTHrP is presented in Figure 9-9. Of the first 13 amino acids, 8 are identical and 3 more represent conservative amino acid substitutions.
What is the evolutionary relationship between PTH and PTHrP?
In the intervening years, we have learned that PTHrP and PTH are encoded by related genes that are part of a larger “PTH gene family.” This evolutionary relationship permits them to bind to the same type 1 PTH/PTHrP receptor, which explains why humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy resembles hyperparathyroidism.
How are the pthlhand pthgenes related?
From the outset, it was recognized that the PTHLHand PTHgenes were related. The exon/intron organization of that portion of both genes encoding the pre-pro sequences and the initial portion of the mature peptides are identical.
What is parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP)?
Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP): a nucleocytoplasmic shuttling protein with distinct paracrine and intracrine roles. Vitam Horm66:345–384 [PubMed] [Google Scholar]