What is polio eradication Programme in India?
Pulse Polio is an immunisation campaign established by the government of India to eliminate poliomyelitis (polio) in India by vaccinating all children under the age of five years against the polio virus. The project fights polio through a large-scale, pulse vaccination programme and monitoring for poliomyelitis cases.
What are the 3 types of polio?
There are three wild types of poliovirus (WPV) – type 1, type 2, and type 3. People need to be protected against all three types of the virus in order to prevent polio disease and the polio vaccination is the best protection.
What are the four strategies for global polio eradication?
GPEI’s Four Pillars of Eradication
- Routine immunization:
- Supplementary immunization:
- Surveillance:
- Targeted “mop-up” campaigns:
Who eradicated polio in India?
Within two decades, India received ‘Polio-free certification’ from World Health Organization on the 27 March 2014, with the last polio case being reported in Howrah in West Bengal on 13 January 2011.
Why should polio be eradicated?
Success in eradicating polio will mean that no child will have to experience the devastating effects of the disease again. Failure to eradicate polio could cause poliovirus to reappear around the world with up to 200,000 new cases expected every year within 10 years.
Who introduced polio vaccine in India?
In 1961, Dr Albert Sabin developed a “live” oral polio vaccine (OPV) which rapidly became the vaccine of choice for most national immunization programmes globally. Following the success of smallpox eradication in 1977, Rotary International launched its ambitious dream to eradicate polio in 1985.
What is the full meaning of polio?
Polio: Abbreviation for poliomyelitis, an acute and sometimes devastating disease caused by a virus. Man is the only natural host for polio virus.
WHO established the Global Polio Eradication Initiative?
Rotary International launched a global effort to immunize the world’s children against polio in 1985 followed by the establishment of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) in 1988. When the GPEI started, polio paralysed more than 1000 children worldwide every day.
What is AFP in polio?
Acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) is defined as a sudden onset of paralysis/weakness in any part of the body of a child less than 15 years of age. Each case of AFP acts as a signal to the polio surveillance system where polio is circulating and who it is likely to affect.
WHO declared polio-free country?
In 1988, the 41st World Health Assembly adopted a resolution for the worldwide eradication of polio. Here are some polio certification facts: For certification, all countries in the WHO Region need to have no case of wild polio for 3 consecutive years in presence of high quality AFP surveillance systems.